Buffer Capacity of Steel Shed with Two Layer Absorbing System against the Impact of Rockfall Based on Coupled SPH-FEM Method

This study aimed to find the optimal thickness combination of two-layered absorbing system combinated with an expanded polystyrene (EPS) cushion and a soil layer in steel shed under dynamic loadings. The coupled Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic method (SPH) Finite Element Method (FEM) were introduced simulate impact rockfall against two-layer system. By comparing numerical results test data, model was well validated. Through verified model, series experiments carried out for values EPS as percentage total set 0% (P1), 20% (P2), 40% (P3), 60% (P4), 80% (P5), 100% (P6). show that FEM–SPH effective impacting rock shed; P4 (0.6 m 0.9 layer) most efficient combination, which can significantly reduce structural displacement response by 43%. A effectively absorb about 90% energy. obtained yield scientifically sound guidelines further research on design sheds rockfall.